Injuryrelated mortality among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan Province during 2014-2021 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore injury related mortality among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan, to provide reliable data support for injury prevention among children aged 0-14 years in the region.@*Methods@#A descriptive analysis on child mortality data from 2014 to 2021 of injuries collected from 28 death surveillance spots in Hunan was conducted.@*Results@#The mortality rate of injures among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan decreased from 20.19/100 000 (adjusted mortality: 25.32/100 000) in 2014 to 11.05/100 000 (adjusted mortality: 13.71/100 000) in 2021 (APC=-9.4%, P <0.05), and the annual average mortality rate was 14.86/100 000, there were 17.29/100 000 boys and 11.96/100 000 girls, with statistically significant gender differences ( χ 2= 27 835.54 , P <0.05). The average mortality rate of drowning among different causes of injury and death was 5.98/100 000, followed by the average mortality rate of road traffic accidents of 3.38/100 000.@*Conclusion@#There is a downward trend of deaths due to injures for children aged 0-14 years in Hunan during 2014-2021, with an obvious gender difference. Drowning and traffic accidents are the main cause of injury related deaths for children aged 0-14 years. Steady monitoring of children injury is vital for children injury prevention. Children safety and health education, and related effective policies and legal provisions should be developed and enhanced.

Clinical efficacy and prognostic influencing factors of radical surgery for duodenal gastro-intestinal stromal tumor: a multicenter retrospective study / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognostic influencing factors of radical surgery for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 741 duodenal GIST patients who under-went radical surgery in 17 medical centers, including 121 cases in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 121 cases in Chinese PLA General Hospital, 116 cases in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 77 cases in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 77 cases in West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 31 cases in Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital, 24 cases in Fujian Cancer Hospital, 22 cases in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 25 cases in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 19 cases in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 23 cases in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 17 cases in Liaoning Cancer Hospital＆Institute, 17 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 15 cases in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 14 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 14 cases in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University and 8 cases in General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army Air Force, from January 2010 to April 2020 were collected. There were 346 males and 395 females, aged 55(range, 17?86)years. Observation indicators: (1) neoadjuvant treatment; (2) surgical and postoperative situations; (3) follow-up; (4) stratified analysis. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination or telephone interview. Patients were followed up once every 3?6 months during neoadjuvant therapy and once every 6?12 months after radical surgery to detect tumor recurrence and survival of patient up to April 2022. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves and calculate survival rates. Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The COX regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Propensity score matching was done by the 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method, and the matching tolerance was 0.02. Results:(1) Neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 741 patients, 34 cases received neoadjuvant therapy for 8(range, 3?44)months. Cases assessed as partial response, stable disease and progressive disease before the radical surgery of the 34 cases were 21, 9, 4, respectively. The tumor diameter of the 34 patients before the neoadjuvant therapy and before the radical surgery were 8.0(range, 3.0?26.0)cm and 5.3(range, 3.0?18.0)cm, with the regression rate as 31.9%(range, ?166.7% to 58.3%). (2) Surgical and postoperative situations. Of the 741 patients, 34 cases underwent radical surgery after receiving neoadjuvant therapy, and 707 cases underwent radical surgery directly. All the 741 patients underwent radical surgery successfully, in which 633, 102 and 6 cases received open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic treatment, respectively. Of the 633 cases receiving open surgery and the 102 cases receiving laparoscopic surgery, cases with surgical resection range as pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) was 238, and cases with surgical resection range as duodenal limited resection, including duodenal wedge resection, distal gastrectomy, segmental duodenal resection, local resection of duodenal tumor or segmental duodenum combined with subtotal gastrectomy, was 497, 226, 55, 204, 12. Of the 741 patients, 131 cases had post-operative complications including 113 cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complications and 18 cases with ≥ grade Ⅲ complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification. The duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 741 patients was 13(range, 4?120)days. Of the 707 patients receiving direct radical surgery, 371 cases were evaluated as extremely low risk, low risk, medium risk of the modified National Institutes of Health (NIH) risk classification after surgery, and 336 cases were evaluated as high risk in which 205 cases receive postoperative adjuvant imatinib therapy with the treatment time as 24(range, 6?110)months. (3) Follow-up. All the 741 patients were followed up for 58(range, 7?150)months. During the follow-up, 110 patients had tumor recurrence and metastasis. The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates and 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates of the 741 patients were 100.0%, 98.6%, 94.5% and 98.4%, 90.9%, 84.9%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates and 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-free survival rates of the 707 patients receiving direct radical surgery were 100.0%, 98.5%, 94.3% and 98.4%, 91.1%, 85.4%, respectively. (4) Stratified analysis. ① Analysis of prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical surgery directly. Results of univariate analysis showed that primary tumor location, tumor diameter, mitotic count, modified NIH risk classification and tumor gene information were related factors affecting the overall survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=0.43, 0.18, 0.22, 0.06, 0.29, 95% confidence intervals as 0.20?0.93, 0.09?0.35, 0.10?0.50, 0.03?0.12, 0.09?0.95, P<0.05). The primary tumor location, tumor diameter, mitotic count, modified NIH risk classification were related factors affecting the disease-free survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=0.65, 0.25, 0.25, 0.10, 95% confidence intervals as 0.41?1.03, 0.17?0.37, 0.15?0.42, 0.07?0.15, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that primary tumor located at the horizontal segment of duodenum, mitotic count >5/50 high power field, tumor gene KIT exon 9 mutation were independent risk factors affecting the overall survival of 365 patients with primary duodenal GIST after removing 342 patients without tumor gene information who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=2.85, 2.73, 3.13, 95% confidence intervals as 1.12?7.20, 1.07?6.94, 1.23?7.93, P<0.05). Tumor diameter >5 cm and mitotic count >5/50 high power field were independent risk factors affecting the disease-free survival of 707 patients with primary duodenal GIST who underwent direct radical surgery ( hazard ratio=3.19, 2.98, 95% confidence intervals as 2.05?4.97, 1.99?4.45, P<0.05). ② Effect of postoperative adjuvant therapy on prognosis of high-risk patients of modified NIH risk classification. Of the 336 patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 94.6% and 77.3% in the 205 cases with postoperative adjuvant therapy, versus 83.2% and 64.4% in the 131 cases without postoperative adjuvant therapy, showing significant differences between them ( χ2=8.39, 4.44, P<0.05). Of the 205 patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification who received postoperative adjuvant therapy, there were 106 cases receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy <36 months, with the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 87.1% and 58.7%, and there were 99 cases receiving post-operative adjuvant therapy ≥36 months, with the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 100.0% and 91.5%. There were significant differences in the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate between the 106 patients and the 99 patients ( χ2=13.92, 29.61, P<0.05). ③ Comparison of clinical efficacy of patients with different surgical methods. Before propensity score matching, cases with primary tumor located at bulb, descending, horizontal, ascending segment of duodenum, cases with tumor diameter ≤5 cm and >5 cm were 95, 307, 147, 34, 331, 252, in the 583 patients receiving open surgery with complete clinical data, versus 15, 46, 17, 5, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference in the primary tumor location ( χ2=0.94, P>0.05), and a significant difference in the tumor diameter ( χ2=17.33, P<0.05) between them. After propensity score matching, the above indicator were 16, 39, 20, 8, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving open surgery, versus 15, 46, 17, 5, 67, 16 in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery, showing no significant difference between them ( χ2=1.54, 0.00, P>0.05). Cases with postoperative complications, cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complica-tions and ≥grade Ⅲ complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 17, 12, 5, 11(range, 5?120)days, 92.0%, 100.0% in the 83 patients receiving open surgery, versus 9, 7, 2, 11(range, 5?41)days, 91.6%, 97.3% in the 83 patients receiving laparoscopic surgery, showing no signi-ficant difference in postoperative complications, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate ( χ2=2.91, Z=3 365.50, χ2=3.02, 1.49, P>0.05) between them. There was no significant difference in complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification between them ( P>0.05). ④ Comparison of clinical efficacy of patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent surgery with different surgical resection scopes. Before propensity score matching, cases with tumor diameter ≤5 cm and >5 cm, cases with tumor located at opposite side of mesangium and mesangium were 71, 85, 28, 128 in the 156 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 92, 41, 120, 13 in the 133 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing significant differences between them ( χ2=16.34, 150.10, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the above indicator were 28, 13, 16, 25 in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 28, 13, 16, 25 in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference between them ( χ2=0.00, 0.00, P>0.05). Cases with postopera-tive complications, cases with grade Ⅰ?Ⅱ complications and ≥grade Ⅲ compli-cations of the Clavien-Dindo classification, duration of postoperative hospital stay, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 13, 11, 2, 15(range, 9?62)days, 94.2%, 64.3% in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent PD with complete clinical data, versus 9, 8, 0, 15(range, 7?40)days, 100.0%, 78.8% in the 41 patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum who underwent duodenal limited resection with complete clinical data, showing no significant difference in post-operative complica-tions, the 5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate ( χ2=0.99, 0.34, 1.86, P>0.05) between them. There was no significant difference in complications of the Clavien-Dindo classification ( P>0.05) and there was a significant difference in duration of postopera-tive hospital stay ( Z=614.50, P<0.05) between them. Conclusions:The clinical efficacy of radical surgery for duodenal GIST are ideal. Primary tumor located at the horizontal segment of duodenum, mitotic count >5/50 high power field, tumor gene KIT exon 9 mutation are independent risk factors affec-ting the overall survival of patients undergoing direct radical surgery and tumor diameter >5 cm and mitotic count >5/50 high power field are independent risk factors affecting the disease-free survival of patients. There is no significant difference in the short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis between patients undergoing open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. For patients with primary tumor located at the descending segment of duodenum, the duration of postoperative hospital stay is longer in patients undergoing PD compared with patients undergoing duodenal limited resection. For patients evaluated as high risk of the modified NIH risk classification, posto-perative adjuvant therapy and treatment time ≥36 months are conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.

Abnormal static and dynamic brain function in patients with temporomandibular disorders: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study was conducted to investigate the brain function of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) by combining the static and dynamic amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF).@*METHODS@#Thirty patients with TMD and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. All the participants completed their questionnaires, received clinical examinations, and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. We compared the static and dynamic ALFF between the patients and healthy controls by conducting a two-sample @*RESULTS@#The patients with TMD showed increased static and dynamic ALFF in the posterior cingulate cortex compared with that of the controls (whole-brain level, uncorrected @*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings revealed that the resting-state brain function of the posterior cingulate cortex and the medial orbitofrontal cortex of patient with TMD increased. These changes probably indicated the potential central mechanisms underlying the increased self-relevant thoughts, negative emotion, and abnormal emotion regulation in TMD.

Application of soleus perforator flapfrom the lateral leg in repair of oral and maxil-lofacial defects / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveReconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects following resection of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors is required to restore the patient's appearance and oral function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application and value ofsoleus perforator flap from the lateral leg in repair of oral and maxillofacial defects.MethodsIn this retrospective study, ten patients with oral and maxil-lofacial malignancies who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Fuyang People's Hospital during the period from May 2015 to March 2019 were enrolled. The effect of soleus perforator flap from the lateral leg was ana-lyzed.At 1 month and 3 months after surgery, the recovery of oral function and donor sites, quality of life and surgical satisfaction were followed.ResultsAllpatients underwent operation successfully without skin flap necrosis or serious complications.At 3 months after surgery,voice function and swallowing func-tion were level 3. The scar hyperplasia was 1 case,donor itching1 case and paresthesia or dysfunction 0 case.Compared with those at 1 month after surgery, the scores at 3 months after surgery were increased using the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) questionnaire(P<0.05). At 1 month and 3 months after sur-gery,patient satisfaction rateswere 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively.ConclusionThe soleus perforator flap from the lateral leg isideal for repairing oral and maxillofacial defects. The postoperative recovery of oral functio-nand donor sites is goodwith high quality of life and surgical satisfaction.

Metabonomics Analysis of Sailuotong Capsules in Treatment of Acute Cerebral Ischemia in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Sailuotong capsules in treating acute cerebral ischemia from the perspective of metabonomics. Method:A total of 24 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, including sham-operated group, model group and Sailuotong group (33 mg·kg-1). The rat model of acute multiple cerebral infarction was established by injecting fluorescent microspheres into internal carotid artery. After the successful operation, rats in Sailuotong group were administered by duodenal injection immediately, and the dosage volume was 2 mL·kg-1. Endogenous metabolites in rat brain tissues of each group were determined by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The relevant data and biomarkers were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Result:The analysis of pattern recognition indicated that the metabolite profiles in model group and sham-operated group were separated obviously, and ten biomarkers related to acute cerebral ischemia were also identified. Compared with the sham-operated group, contents of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), fumaric acid, glutathione, dehydroascorbic acid, aspartic acid and S-adenosylhomocysteine were decreased, while the contents of arginine, citrulline, saccharopine and hydantoin-5-propionic acid were increased in the model group. Meanwhile, the ten abnormal biomarkers mentioned above got restoration in Sailuotong group. Conclusion:The main regulated metabolic pathways of Sailuotong capsules are NAA metabolism, arginine metabolism, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, etc.

Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe on Vascular Endothelial Function in Rats with Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the changes and benefits of vascular endothelial cell function in rats with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and the effect of Yiqi Huoxue recipe (YQHXF) of such changes. Method: Rats were randomly divided into blank control group, Qi deficiency and blood stasis group, and YQHXF high and low dose groups (5.54,2.77 g·kg-1). A small platform of water environment was used to make the rats stand for a long-term with irregular and incomplete sleep deprivation, 16 h per day for six weeks, so that both mentality and labor of rats were consumed to establish qi deficiency and blood stasis rat models. From the fifth week, intragastric administration was given for 2 weeks, until end of the experiment. Then levels of endothelin-1(ET-1), von willebrand factor (vWF), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), P-selectin,interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitric oxide (NO) was detected by nitrate reductase assay. Result:Compared with blank control group, rats in Qi deficiency and blood stasis group showed rough and dark hair, with significantly decreased body weight and pulse amplitude (PPPα were abnormally increased after sleep deprivation (PPPPPPPConclusion:Sleep deprivation can induce the formation of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in rats, and lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction. YQHXF has the function of protecting the vascular endothelium. It can improve the Qi deficiency and blood stasis symptoms in rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by regulating the secretion of vascular endothelial active substances, reducing cell adhesion and inhibiting inflammation.

Real world study and its application in gastrointestinal stromal tumor / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a relatively rare type of gastrointestinal tract tumors. Thus, it is difficult to perform randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GIST in a single center, which are often plagued by a small number of participants. Real world study (RWS) is a complement to the evidence derived from traditional RCT. Emerging sources of real world data offer enormous opportunity for deeper understanding of why treatments work (or not) and for whom. Evidence generated from RWD can help clarify best use of treatments for individuals and populations, and care value. Thus, RWS of GIST has attracted much attention. RWS helps us better understand the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and outcome prediction of GIST in clinical practice. GIST is often misdiagnosed as other tumor. A diagnostic test provides evidence on how well a test correctly identifies or rules out GIST. Therapeutic research aims to evaluate the effectiveness and/or safety of a therapy for GIST. Prognostic research aims to forecast the likely outcome of GIST, explore the factors affecting the outcome, and analyze quality of life. Predictive research aims to quantify the probability of identification or health outcome of GIST based on a set of predictors. Pharmacoeconomic data in real world can evaluate the cost-effectiveness of medicinal products for GISTs and serve as a guidance tool for optimal healthcare resource allocation. Attaching importance to data sourse and data quality, strenthening communicate with a qualified statistician, and the implementation of a standardized process are necessary for performing a high-quality RWS.

Regulatory role of NF-E2-related factor 2 pathway in mitochondrial function / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of the CNC basic leucine zipper (b-ZIP) family, which plays a key role in maintaining cell redox homeostasis, regulating energy metabolism, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and autophagy. Mitochondria are the main sites for ATP synthesis, and one of the main sources of reactive oxygen free radicals. Recently, increasing studies have suggested that Nrf2 pathway may play a critical role in regulation of mitochondrial function in various ways and involving multiple mechanisms, thus regulating cellular responses and adverse outcomes to endogenous stimuli. These include regulation of reactive oxygen species levels, inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential decline, promotion of ATP synthesis, protection of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity as well as mitochondrial autophagy. In addition, Nrf2 pathway also plays an important role in regulation of toxicant induced mitohormesis. This review summarizes recent research progress in the regulation of mitochondrial function by Nrf2 pathway and its mechanism.

Development of CT and MRI enhanced scanning tracking monitor / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a tracking monitor for patient vital signs after CT and MRI enhanced scanning so as to execute auto alarm in case of patient discomfort and allergic reactions.Methods The monitor composed of a sub machine,a principal machine and a large-screen display used ultra-low power digital blood oxygen plate LPDSPO2V1.4 and fingertip sensor to acquire data on blood oxygen saturation and heart rate,the acquired data were transmitted to the principal machine with NRF24L01 wireless transmission module, and then the principal machine executed data auto analysis, storage, auto alarm for out-of-limit data and sent the data to the display.Results The monitor could be used for checking blood oxygen saturation and heart rate as well as implement early warning against allergic reactions.One-year trials proved that there were no death in case 87 cases of minor allergic reactions and 3 severe ones occurred.Conclusion The monitor proves its safety and efficiency by decreasing the incidence rate of severe reactions after CT and MRI enhanced scanning,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Advance in the development of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)vectors for novel influenza vaccines / 中国人兽共患病学报

Influenza,caused by influenza virus,is a respiratory infectious disease with a serious hazard to human health.Prevention of influenza through vaccine development is the most effective strategy.It is important to build a rapid response platform for research and production of influenza vaccine.As virus vectors,live vaccine provides a new prevention and treatment way for infectious disease.Modified vaccinia virus Ankara(MVA) is a replication-deficient viral vector that is safe and can encode one or more foreign antigens and induce humoral and cellular immune response.MVA holds great promise as a vaccine platform.In this review,we discuss the use of MVA for vaccine development against influenza virus.

Research progress of JAK-3 kinase and its inhibitors / 药学学报

JAK-3, a member of the Janus kinase family, is a protein tyrosine kinase, which plays an important role in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Previous studies showed that regulation of JAK-3's activity plays a crucial role in the treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Many reports have been published with a focus on selective JAK-3 inhibitors, some of which showed excellent JAK-3 selectivity and inhibitory activities. Among the JAK-3 inhibitors reported, tofacitinib has satisfactory therapeutic benefits in the clinical trials, and has been approved for treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However, some JAK-3 inhibitors exhibited moderate to severe side effects, which need to be controlled by drug improvement. In order to pave the way for improvement of current JAK-3 inhibitors and development of new JAK-3 inhibitors, we provide an outline of the structure of JAK-3 and strategies in development of its inhibitors.

Investigation of key miRNAs and their target genes in inflammatory bowel diseases and colitis-associated colorectal cancers using miRNA proifling and bioinformatic tools / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Inlfammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic intestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). This study identified differentially expressed miRNAs in UC, CD and colitis-associated colorectal cancers (CAC) to explore their potential as novel molecular biomarkers. Methods:Tissue samples were taken from 13 UC patients, 3 CD patients, 12 CAC patients, and 8 age-and gender-matched healthy controls. The miRNA expressions were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) assay. Known targets of deregulated miRNAs were utilized using miRWalk 2.0 database, and subsequent bioinformatics analysis of these target genes was performed by DAVID software (GO-analysis, KEGG-analysis and BIOCARTA-analysis). Results:The data showed that miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-29a, miR-20a and miR-21 were upregulated in UC, CD and CAC tissues compared with normal control. Moreover, the target genes of these miRNAs were enriched in several key signal transduction pathways including cancer-related pathway and immu-nity-associated pathway. Conclusion:miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-29a, miR-20a and miR-21 may play important roles in the switching from IBD to CAC.

R59022 promotes ET-1-induced cardiac hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes via regulating autophagy / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of DGK in-hibitor R59022 on ET-1-induced myocardial hypertro-phy and autophagy, and explore the possible mecha-nisms. Methods Myocardial hypertrophy was in-duced by ET-1 in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyo-cytes. Western blot was used to detect the expression of microtubule-associate protein 1 light chain 3 ( LC3 ) , beclin-1, p62, p-Akt and Akt. mRNA expression of brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP) and beta mysion heav-y chain (β-MHC) and the cell size of cardiomyocytes were detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results Treatment cardiomyocytes with ET-1(10 -7 mol·L-1 ) for 24 h induced the myocardi-al hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with the activation of autophagy as evidenced by the in-creased expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/I and beclin-1 , as well as the increased p62 degra-dation. While, myocardial hypertrophy induced by ET-1 , including the increased myocardial cell size and the mRNA expression of fetal gene BNP and β-MHC, could be reversed by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyl ade-nine (3-MA) and chloroquine ( CQ) ,but promoted by autophagy agonist rapamycin ( RAPA ) . Pretreatment cardiomyocytes with R59022, an inhibitor of DGK, en-hanced ET-1-induced myocardial hypertrophy by en-hancing autophagy in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore,ET-1 treatment inhibited the activation of Akt by the down-regulation of the Akt phosphorylation, and R59022 en-hanced the effect of ET-1 on the activation of Akt. Conclusions Enhanced autophagy contributes to car-diomyocyte hypertrophy. R59022 deteriorate ET-1-in-duced myocardial hypertrophy by activating autophagy. The possible mechanism may be related to the inhibi-tion of activation of mTOR signaling pathway by inhibi-ting the activation of Akt.

Study on snack-eating behaviors after sc hool among school aged children in four cities / 上海预防医学

Objective To understand the present situation of school aged children's snack-eating behaviors after school , and to provide a basis for guiding children's reasonable snacks consumption .income exceeding 15 000 yuan was higher than that from the families monthly income falling in 8 001-15 000 yuan (χ2 =74.703, P =0.000 ) .The favorite snacks include potato and puffed food (83.3%), beans and its products (83.0%), vegetables and fruits (78.4%), meat, seafood and eggs (76.2%).The reasons for choosing snacks mainly include taste (38.2%), external packaging (29.7%), food safety(28.1%), and nutrition (23.6%).The snack-eating time were different between different genders and among different aged children .The source of snacks were mainly from family prepared(81.4%) and bought by themselves (16.1%). Conclus ion Some problems were still existed in snack-eating behaviors after school among school aged children , which needs to be guided and improved .

MicroRNA-638 inhibits cell proliferation by targeting phospholipase D1 in human gastric carcinoma

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small non-coding RNAs that are often play important roles in carcinogenesis, but the carcinogenic mechanism of miRNAs is still unclear. This study will investigate the function and the mechanism of miR-638 in carcinoma (GC). The expression of miR-638 in GC and the DNA copy number of miR-638 were detected by real-time PCR. The effect of miR-638 on cell proliferation was measured by counting kit-8 assay. Different assays, including bioinformatics algorithms (TargetScan and miRanda), luciferase report assay and Western blotting, were used to identify the target gene of miR-638 in GC. The expression of miR-638 target gene in clinical CRC tissues was also validated by immunohistochemical assay. From this research, we found that miR-638 was downregulated in GC tissues compared with corresponding noncancerous tissues (NCTs), and the DNA copy number of miR-638 was lower in GC than NCTs, which may induce the corresponding downregulation of miR-638 in GC. Ectopic expression of miR-638 inhibited GC cell growth in vitro. Subsequently, we identified that PLD1 is the target gene of miR-638 in GC, and silencing PLD1 expression phenocopied the inhibitory effect of miR-638 on GC cell proliferation. Furthermore, we observed that PLD1 was overexpressed in GC tissues, and high expression of PLD1 in GC predicted poor overall survival. In summary, we revealed that miR-638 functions as a tumor suppressor in GC through inhibiting PLD1.

Risk factors of complications after CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The factors influencing the incidence of common complications (pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage) of CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum were investigated. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum was performed on 48 patients. The complications of pneumothorax and pneumorrhagia as well as the contributing factors were analyzed statistically. The major complications associated with CT-guided needle biopsy included pneumothorax (13 cases, 27.1%) and pulmonary hemorrhage (14 cases, 20.24%). χ(2) test revealed that pneumothorax was associated with the lesion size and depth of needle penetration, and pulmonary hemorrhage with the depth of needle penetration and needle retention time with a significant P value. Pneumothorax was observed in 7 cases (17.5%) out of 40 cases with diameter of mass greater than 3 cm, and in 6 cases (60%) out of 10 cases with depth of needle penetration greater than 4 cm. Additionally, pulmonary hemorrhage was identified in 12 cases (41.4%) out of 29 cases with needle retention time longer than 15 min, and pulmonary hemorrhage in 7 cases (70%) out of 10 cases with depth of needle penetration greater than 4 cm. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum is safe and effective. The key factors to prevent the complications include correct evaluation of lesion size, depth of needle penetration and the needle retention time before the operation.

Risk factors of complications after CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The factors influencing the incidence of common complications (pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage) of CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum were investigated. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum was performed on 48 patients. The complications of pneumothorax and pneumorrhagia as well as the contributing factors were analyzed statistically. The major complications associated with CT-guided needle biopsy included pneumothorax (13 cases, 27.1%) and pulmonary hemorrhage (14 cases, 20.24%). χ(2) test revealed that pneumothorax was associated with the lesion size and depth of needle penetration, and pulmonary hemorrhage with the depth of needle penetration and needle retention time with a significant P value. Pneumothorax was observed in 7 cases (17.5%) out of 40 cases with diameter of mass greater than 3 cm, and in 6 cases (60%) out of 10 cases with depth of needle penetration greater than 4 cm. Additionally, pulmonary hemorrhage was identified in 12 cases (41.4%) out of 29 cases with needle retention time longer than 15 min, and pulmonary hemorrhage in 7 cases (70%) out of 10 cases with depth of needle penetration greater than 4 cm. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of lumps near pulmonary hilum is safe and effective. The key factors to prevent the complications include correct evaluation of lesion size, depth of needle penetration and the needle retention time before the operation.

MiR-139-5p inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal cancer by downregulating AMFR and NOTCH1

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that exert function by posttranscriptional suppression have recently brought insight in our understanding of the role of non-protein-coding RNAs in carcinogenesis and metastasis. In this study, we described the function and molecular mechanism of miR-139-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its potential clinical application in CRC. We found that miR-139-5p was significantly downregulated in 73.8% CRC samples compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues (NCTs), and decreased miR-139-5p was associated with poor prognosis. Functional analyses demonstrated that ectopic expression of miR-139-5p suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-139-5p suppress CRC cell invasion and metastasis by targeting AMFR and NOTCH1. Knockdown of the two genes phenocopied the inhibitory effect of miR-139-5p on CRC metastasis. Furthermore, the protein levels of the two genes were upregulated in CRC samples compared with NCTs, and inversely correlated with the miR-139-5p expression. Increased NOTCH1 protein expression was correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. Together, our data indicate that miR-139-5p is a potential tumor suppressor and prognostic factor for CRC, and targeting miR-139-5p may repress the metastasis of CRC and improve survival.

Simultaneous determination of seven constituents in Euodiae Fructus and two related species by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

This study is to develop a HPLC method for quality evaluation of Euodiae Fructus and related species by simultaneous determination limonin, indole alkaloids (14-fomyldihydroxyrutaecarpine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine), and quinolone alkaloids [1-methyl-2-undecyl-4 (1H)-quinolone, evocarpine, dihydroevocarpine] in the fruits of five Evodia species. Samples were analyzed on a YMC C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with mobile phases of acetonitrile (A), tetrahydrofuran (B), and a buffer solution of 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate (pH 3.8) (C) in a linear gradient mode. The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The PDA detector wavelengths were set at 220 and 250 nm. The seven compounds were well separated and showed good linearity (r = 0.999 9) within the concentration ranges tested. The mean recoveries were between 96.7%-102.4% (RSD 1.4%-3.1%). Through the validation, the method was proved to be accurate and repeatable. All the seven constituents were detected in the fruits of five species, but the contents of them varied widely in different samples. The total contents of seven constituents in 16 batches of Euodiae Fructus were 9.46-69.9 mg x g(-1), and the mean content was 28.2 mg x g(-1). The total content of seven constituents in E. compacta and E. fargesii was 25.8, 7.69 mg x g(-1), respectively.

Microvesicle-delivery miR-150 promotes tumorigenesis by up-regulating VEGF, and the neutralization of miR-150 attenuate tumor development

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) mostly exhibit M2-like (alternatively activated) properties and play positive roles in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic factor. During tumor development, TAMs secrete VEGF and other factors to promote angiogenesis; thus, anti-treatment against TAMs and VEGF can repress cancer development, which has been demonstrated in clinical trials and on an experimental level. In the present work, we show that miR-150 is an oncomir because of its promotional effect on VEGF. MiR-150 targets TAMs to up-regulate their secretion of VEGF in vitro. With the utilization of cell-derived vesicles, named microvesicles (MVs), we transferred antisense RNA targeted to miR-150 into mice and found that the neutralization of miR-150 down-regulates miR-150 and VEGF levels in vivo and attenuates angiogenesis. Therefore, we proposed the therapeutic potential of neutralizing miR-150 to treat cancer and demonstrated a novel, natural, microvesicle-based method for the transfer of nucleic acids.